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ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠤᠭᠣᠭ
2020-05-19 18:31
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ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠤᠭᠣᠭ
ᠵᠦᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠣ ᠤᠤ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠶᠡ᠃ 1823 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠠᠩᠭ᠍ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠴᠢ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠦ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ ᠃ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠨᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠃ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠰᠢᠱᠣᠸᠠᠩᠪᠠᠨᠨᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠃
ᠴᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ︽荼 ︾ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠺᠠᠢ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠬᠣᠸᠠᠩ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ ᠺᠠᠢ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ开元文字音义 ︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠣ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠣᠷᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ︽茶 ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ︽ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ 茶经︾ ᠲᠤ ᠯᠦ ᠢᠤᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠄ ︽ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠂ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠡᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠴᠤ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠢ᠃ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠮᠤᠳᠣ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠮᠣᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠵᠤᠭᠤ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ ᠃
ᠴᠠᠢ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠳᠦ ᠵᠣᠷᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠢᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠪᠠᠯ ︽ ᠪᠧᠨ ᠽᠣᠣ ᠶᠠᠨ ᠢ 本草衍义 ︾ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠱᠧᠨ ᠨᠦᠩ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠳᠤᠷᠰᠢᠭᠠᠳ ︽ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠦᠮᠦᠢ ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠱᠧᠨ ᠨᠦᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠳᠣ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ ᠃
ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠪᠦᠦ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠡ ︽ ᠵᠠᠷᠦᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠯᠣᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡ僮约》 ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠨᠢᠷᠬᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ︵ ᠣᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ59 ᠣᠨ ︶ ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠄ ︽ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠬᠦ ︾ ᠪᠠ ︽ ᠡᠦ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠬᠤ ︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠲᠣᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠣ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠣ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠦᠳᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠧᠴᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠫᠧᠩ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ ᠃
ᠴᠠᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠰᠦ ᠴᠢᠷᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠧ ᠮᠠ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠷᠦ᠋ ︽ ᠹᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠫᠢᠶᠡᠨ ︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮ ᠡᠮᠨᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠂ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠦ᠋ᠨ︽ ᠹᠠᠩ ᠶᠠᠨ ︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠂ ︽ ᠴᠧᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠽᠠᠢ ᠄ ︽ ᠠᠮᠲᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠂ ᠠᠩᠬᠢᠯᠤᠮᠠ ᠦᠨᠦᠷ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠬᠠᠨᠠᠮ 芳茶冠六情,溢味播九区︾ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠣᠭᠣᠰᠢᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠴᠣᠳ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠦ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠶᠠᠭᠡᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠢᠳᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃
ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠦᠭᠡᠮᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠂ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠂ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠬᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ ᠃ 764 ︽ ︾ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠰᠦᠩ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠂ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃
ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠄ ︽ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠲᠦᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤᠰᠣ ᠳᠠᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠼᠤᠤ ᠴᠠᠢ ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠃ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠮᠢᠴᠠ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃
ᠰᠧᠴᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠱᠤ ᠳᠡᠯᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠃ ᠴᠠᠢ
ᠪᠢᠳᠡ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨᠫᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠤᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ ᠃ ᠪᠢᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨᠫᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠦᠢ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠸᠸᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠸᠸᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠸᠸᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠸᠸᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠵᠧᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠭᠡᠵᠣ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠲᠦᠴᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠦ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠨ ᠬᠡᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠡ ᠃ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨᠫᠢ ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠂ ᠴᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠃
ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠡᠲᠣ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠩ ᠴᠢ ᠯᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠴᠧᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠡ ᠃ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠦᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠠᠪᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ ᠃ ᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᡁᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ︽ ᠯᠦᠸ᠋ᠸ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠴᠢᠶᠧ ᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠢ洛阳伽蓝记︾ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠶᠡ ᠄
ᠴᠢ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠸᠸᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠣᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠥ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠢᠬᠠ ᠰᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠵᠤᠭᠤ ᠂ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠱᠥᠯᠥ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠣᠯᠠ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠣᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠪᠠᠯ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠮᠤᠢ᠃ ᠨᠡᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠳᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠳᠣᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠴᠣᠭᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠢᠳᠪᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠰᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠽᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠮᠢᠬᠠ ᠰᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤ ᠥᠴᠢᠷᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠣᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠬᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠬᠠ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮᠯᠡᠴᠣᠭᠦᠢ᠃ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤᠬᠤᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃
ᠭᠤᠤᠽᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠸᠸᠢ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠸᠧᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠣ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨᠫᠢ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠮᠢᠬᠠ ᠱᠦᠯᠥ ᠰᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠤᠢᠷᠠᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠭᠴᠥ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨᠫᠢ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠶᠢᠰᠦ ᠪᠡᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃
ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ︽ ᠹᠧᠩ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠣᠨᠣᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ封氏见闻录︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠤᠮᠲᠠ( ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠤᠢ ᠬᠡᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠲᠦ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠢ ᠬᠡᠦ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠶᠡᠭᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠥᠴᠥ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃《 ᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠪᠣᠭᠠ 彦敖包︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠤᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠬᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠠᠰᠠ︵罐︶ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠡᠲᠣ ᠰᠦᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠥ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠬᠡᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠨᠴᠠ ᠣᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠷᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠣᠨᠣᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ︾᠂︽ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ- ᠲᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ︾᠂︽ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠪᠴᠢ︾ ᠪᠠ︽ ᠮᠠᠷᠺᠣ ᠫᠣᠯᠣ᠋ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ︾᠂︽ ᠫᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠺᠠᠷᠫᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ︾᠂ ︽ ᠸᠢᠯᠯᠢᠶᠡᠮ ᠷᠦᠪᠷᠦ᠋ᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠦ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠭᠲᠣ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠠᠪᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠠ᠃ ︽ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠭᠡ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠵᠣᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠳᠢᠭ ︾ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠶᠣᠸᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠷ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠳᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠩᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠢᠴᠢᠨ︵茶户) ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠣᠰᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠴᠢᠤᠸᠠᠢ ᠴᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ ᠵᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠶᠦᠨ ᠵᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ︵榷茶都转运司) ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠡᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠬᠠᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠦ ᠽᠦᠩ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠢᠱᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠦᠰᠡᠭᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ︽ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠩᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠪᠴᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠬᠥ ᠪᠠᠷ《 ᠴᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠦᠷ ᠠᠮᠲᠠ ᠣᠨᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠳᠡ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢ᠂ ᠦᠨᠦᠷ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠬᠣᠣᠰ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠷᠣᠭ18 ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠴᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠦ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠨᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ︽ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠥᠬᠦ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ︾ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠶᠠᠭᠤ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠯᠠ ᠴᠠᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ
ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠲᠤᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠴᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠣᠶᠣ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠰᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠭᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠡ᠃ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠸᠠᠨ ᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ︵ 1577 ᠣᠨ︶ :《 ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠶᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠣ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠰᠡᠪᠡᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠪᠡᠰᠦᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠮᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠵᠣᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠧᠩ ᠯᠦᠸ᠋ᠸ ᠶᠢᠨ︽ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠯᠪᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ抚夷纪略︾ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ1580 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ ᠪᠣᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠽᠥᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠧᠩ ᠯᠦᠸ᠋ᠸ ᠳᠦ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠬᠡᠤᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠤᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠣᠯᠬᠣ ᠲᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠴᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠣᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠥᠯ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠲᠦᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠵᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠦᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠮᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠢᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠢᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃
ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠡᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠰᠣᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃19 ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ20 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠣᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠄
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠣᠯᠵᠣ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠣᠣᠭᠣᠨᠡ᠃ ᠦᠷᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠦᠭ ᠲᠦᠭ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠣᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠣ ᠨᠦᠳᠦᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠴᠠᠰᠢ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠤ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃
1870ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠨ᠂ ᠮ ᠂
ᠨ᠂ ᠮ ᠂ ︽ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠦ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠳᠤ᠄︽ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠢᠴᠢᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠮᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠦᠷᠭᠣ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠭᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠯᠵᠢᠳᠡᠭ︾ ᠬᠡᠵᠣ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠣᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠭᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠦᠵᠣ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠦ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠴᠦ ᠭᠥᠷᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃
ᠮᠠᠨᠣᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠦᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠢ︵边销茶︶ ᠬᠡᠵᠣ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠲᠦ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠦ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠳᠣᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃