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2016-07-16 08:34
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︽ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ︾ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠰᠡᠡᠰᠺᠷᠢᠲ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠪᠤᠳ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠾᠨ︾ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠡ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠦᠬᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ︽ᠰᠡᠩᠵᠡᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠠᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠠᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠡ ᠤᠤᠠᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠮᠤᠰ ᠱᠬᠠᠵᠡᠮᠤᠨᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠳᠤᠭ᠍ᠰᠡᠡ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠤᠡᠴᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠡᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠡᠳᠠᠡ᠂ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠨᠤᠯ᠂ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠡᠳᠠᠤᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠢᠯ ᠰᠡᠡᠸᠡᠷ᠂ ᠵᠡᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ᠋ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠤᠡᠭᠢᠯᠬᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠤᠭ᠍ᠳᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨᠳᠠᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠤᠪ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠡᠡᠰᠡᠡ ᠶᠡᠷᠤᠩᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠡ ᠴᠤᠡᠡᠴᠨ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠬᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠯᠬᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠬᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠤᠭᠠ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠴᠦ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ᠂ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠬᠡᠮ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠤᠡᠬᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠸᠴᠢᠷᠳᠤ ᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠠᠷᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠡᠴᠤᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠷᠤᠭ ᠦᠡᠳᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠤᠡᠬᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃
ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠡᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠤᠡᠬᠡᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠡᠯᠪᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ
ᠤᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ 1566 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ
ᠤᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠡ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠠᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠯᠬᠡᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠡᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ 1224 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠵᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ
ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠯᠤᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠬᠡᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠭᠤ ᠨᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠶ᠋ᠬᠠᠡᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ︽ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠁︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠩᠭᠤᠳᠤᠡᠡᠰᠡᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ︽ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ︾ ︵︿ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ﹀ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠡ ᠤᠤᠠᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠡᠷᠤᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠷᠡᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠤ ᠴᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠡᠡᠰᠡᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠵᠢᠷᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠷᠬᠡᠭᠵᠢᠵᠤ
ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠡ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠤᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠰᠡᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠡᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠡᠡᠰᠡᠡ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠ︶ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠭᠦᠡᠳᠤᠤᠡᠬᠡᠨ
ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤᠭ ᠶᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠡᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠡᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠡᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠵᠡᠮ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠨᠰᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠬᠡᠨᠡᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠡᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠰᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠡᠡ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠬᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ᠂ ᠵᠡᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠡᠭᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠤᠶᠢᠪᠡᠷ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠤᠨ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠡᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠡᠡᠰᠡᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠤᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠢᠰᠯᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ᠂ ᠨᠧᠲ᠋ᠤᠷᠢ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ︵ᠡᠾᠷᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ︶ ᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠢᠯᠡᠡ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ
ᠲᠡᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠤᠨ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠮᠯᠡᠡ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠡᠡᠰᠡᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ
ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠡᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠡᠬ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠢᠩᠭᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ
ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠰᠡᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠵᠢᠩᠭᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ
ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠡᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠦᠡᠳᠤᠰᠤᠳᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠯᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ
ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠨᠤᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠠᠯᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠩᠭᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡᠡ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠡᠵᠤ
ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠰᠡᠤᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠬᠡᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠡᠯ᠂ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠠᠯᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠢᠡᠡᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃
ᠭᠦᠶᠤᠭ᠌ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ︵1251 —1259 ᠤᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠡᠡᠰᠡᠡ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠡᠷᠬᠠᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠡᠰᠨ ᠯᠡᠯᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ᠂ ᠡᠾᠷᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ
ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠤᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠤᠬᠡᠳᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠦᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠡ
ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠡᠡᠰᠡᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ16 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠡᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠠᠤᠨ
ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠯᠬᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠩᠭᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠤᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ
ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠤᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠡᠭ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠡᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠠ ᠦᠭᠴᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ
ᠠᠳᠡᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠣᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠺᠡ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠡᠯᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ
ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠲᠡᠬᠡᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠯᠢᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ
ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠳᠠᠶᠢᠴᠤᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠮᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠡᠰᠤ ᠡᠮᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠯᠠᠮᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠤᠭ᠌ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠂ ᠦᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ
ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠰᠤᠷᠴᠤ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠯᠾᠠᠰᠨ᠂ ᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯᠾᠦ᠋ᠡᠪᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠠ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ
ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠨᠡᠤᠡᠬᠡᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠰᠡᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠷᠢᠳᠢ
ᠰᠢᠳᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠡᠬ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠭᠢᠯᠡᠡ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠤᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ
ᠰᠦᠰᠤᠭ᠍ᠳᠠᠡ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠳᠤᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠤᠢ ᠮᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠤᠡᠭᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠤᠬᠡ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠬᠤᠯᠨ
ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠾᠠᠰᠨ᠂ ᠷᠡᠰᠢᠯᠾᠦ᠋ᠡᠪᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠰᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠡᠰ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ
ᠮᠦᠷᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠰᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠡᠡ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠰᠠᠯᠡᠩ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠢᠮ ᠮᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ
ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠠᠳᠡᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠢᠶᠡᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠮᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ︽ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠡᠡᠰᠡᠤᠨ︾ ᠴᠦ
ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠡᠢ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ 1260 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠡ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠠᠤᠬᠠᠤᠡᠡᠰᠡᠡ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠡᠡᠰᠡᠡ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠡᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠤᠯᠨ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠡᠳᠤ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠤᠡᠴᠤ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ︵ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮ ᠲᠡᠬᠡᠳᠤ ᠯᠡᠮᠡ︶ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠡ ᠯᠡᠮᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠡᠳᠤᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ︵ᠭᠦᠤᠰᠢᠷᠢ︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠤᠯᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠡ ᠬᠠᠰ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠱᠠᠡᠬᠡᠨ᠋ᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠡᠳᠤ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠯᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ
ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ ᠃1264 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠡ ᠯᠡᠮᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠯᠬᠡᠷᠡᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠵᠡᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠩ
ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠶᠡᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠡᠢ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ
ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠡ ᠯᠡᠮᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡᠤᠡᠬᠡᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠬᠠᠰᠡᠡ
ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠵᠢᠩᠭᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠰᠡᠬᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠳᠤᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠡ
ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠡᠯ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠪᠢᠰᠢᠭ᠌ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠠᠬᠡᠨ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃
1269 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠨᠳᠢᠳᠠ ᠫᠠᠭᠪᠡ ᠯᠡᠮᠡ ᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠡᠴᠡᠯᠢᠭ᠋ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠤᠭᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠦᠰᠤᠭ᠌ ᠤᠨ
ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠢᠶᠡᠭᠭᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠤᠭ᠌ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠡᠢ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ
ᠲᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠡᠢ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠠᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠠᠵᠤ ︽ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ︾᠂ ︽ᠳ᠋ᠢᠰᠢᠷᠢ︾᠂︽ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠳᠠᠨᠢᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ︾ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠮᠡᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠡᠳᠤᠳᠤ ᠴᠤᠯᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠠᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ
ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠡᠢ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠱᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠡᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠨᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠳᠠᠯᠠ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ
ᠪᠦᠯᠤᠭ᠌ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠠ ᠠᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠵᠡᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠡ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ
ᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠠᠡ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠦᠡᠭᠬᠡᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠮᠡᠷᠡᠳᠤ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ
ᠡᠭᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠬᠠᠳᠠᠬᠰᠡᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠠᠭᠠᠵᠢᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ
ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠠᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠯᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠬᠳᠠᠡ ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠭ᠍ᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠭᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠵᠦᠪᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠤᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠬᠡᠳᠤ
ᠲᠡᠪᠠᠨ᠋ᠤᠷᠭᠠᠳᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠯᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠡᠷ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠡᠬᠡᠯ ᠠᠷᠡᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠷᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠬᠡᠷᠡᠩᠭᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠤᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠠ
ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠡᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠳᠠᠮ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠩᠭᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦᠰᠤᠭ᠍ᠳᠠᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ
ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠭᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ 15 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠡᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠭᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ
ᠭᠦᠬᠡᠨᠡᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠤᠭ᠍ᠪᠡ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠡᠡᠳᠤ ᠽᠦᠡᠭᠺᠠᠪᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ
ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠨᠤᠯ ︵ᠽᠦᠡᠭᠺᠠᠪᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠤᠭ᠍ᠪᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠦᠡᠭᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠭᠢᠮᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠭᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠡᠢ︶ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ
ᠲᠡᠯᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠠᠪᠭᠢᠳᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠯᠭᠢᠴᠨ ᠭᠦᠴᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠡᠢ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠡ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠡᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ
ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠡᠡᠰᠡᠡ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠵᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ᠋ ᠪᠡᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠡᠡᠰᠡᠡ
ᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠡᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠡ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ
ᠰᠢᠳᠤᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃
