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159920
ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠨ
2019-10-23 17:56
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ᠲᠡᠥᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠰ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠷᠤᠮᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠮ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ
ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠪᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠧᠦᠷᠦᠢ᠌ᠫᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ︽137 ancient human genomes from across the Eurasian steppes︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠵᠠᠩᠵᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠨᠢᠶᠠᠳᠤᠮᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠠ᠃ ᠦᠨᠦᠳᠦᠷ ᠪᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ︽ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ︾ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠨ ᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ DA43 ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ DA45 ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠥᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠢᠯᠦᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠡᠧᠦᠷᠦᠢ᠌ᠫᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠡᠰᠡᠳ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠨᠡ ᠴᠡᠨᠡᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠠ᠃
ᠳᠤᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ︽ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ︾ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠶᠡ᠃
ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠣ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠ DA39 ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠣ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠰᠠᠳᠤᠪ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠤᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ︵aristocrat︶ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ DA39 ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ 2 ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠢ M1 ᠶᠢᠨ 1 ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠂ M1 ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
ᠠᠷᠤᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ︵ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ︶ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠬᠡᠮ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠣ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠮᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ 2 ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ1 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠰᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠦᠬᠢ ᠵᠦᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠳ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠮᠠᠯᠲᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠦᠨᠡᠨᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠ᠂ ᠬᠡᠮ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠤᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ 1 ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ 2 ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ DA39 ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠮᠤᠳᠤ 2 ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠬᠢ M1 ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 1 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠂ M1 ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠦ
ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠦᠩᠬᠡᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠢᠵᠨ ᠡᠳᠡᠨᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠠᠷᠬᠢᠯᠦᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠲᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠢᠯᠦᠬᠴᠢᠳ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠢᠵᠨ
ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠤᠷᠤᠢ ᠨᠢ 48 ᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠂ 46 ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠢᠨᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ 37 ᠰᠤᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ 2500 ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠪᠠᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠬᠦᠯ ᠪᠦᠮᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠬᠡᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠮᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠡᠷᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠨᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠣ ᠶᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠰᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠣ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠰ ᠫᠢᠯᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠰ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠾᠸᠨᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠢᠯᠦᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠸᠤ ᠯᠢ ᠭᠠᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠺᠲ᠋ᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ︽ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠥᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠦᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠦᠯ︾ᠳᠦ ᠨᠡᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠰᠤᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠳ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
M1 ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠰ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯ᠂ 23cmᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠂ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ︵ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠨ᠂ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ︶᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠴᠡᠲᠠᠢ ᠷᠤᠮᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃
ᠲᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ ᠮᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ᠂ DA39 ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠯᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠧᠨ ᠣ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠰᠤᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃
ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠶᠡ᠂ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠤᠢᠲᠤ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ R1a1a1b ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠃ R1a ᠪᠤᠯ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠧᠦᠢ᠌ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠬᠤᠢᠳᠦ ᠧᠦᠢ᠌ᠷᠦᠫᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠧᠦᠷᠦᠫᠠ᠂ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠧᠦᠢ᠌ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ R1a1a1b ᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ 5700 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ R1a1a1b2-Z93︵ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ︶ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ R1a1a1b1-Z283︵ᠧᠦᠢ᠌ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ︶ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ R1a1a1b ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠱᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠣ Z283 ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠧᠦᠢ᠌ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠣ Z93 ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ︵ᠠᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ︶ᠠᠪᠠᠴᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠳᠦ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳ Z93 ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠷᠤᠭᠳᠤᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠂ Z93 ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠧᠦᠢ᠌ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠧᠦᠢ᠌ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃
ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠦ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠰᠨR1a ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠯᠳᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠡᠧᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠧᠦᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠴᠢᠷᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠣ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠡᠬᠦᠰᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠭᠤᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠣ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠄ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠨ᠂ ᠶᠧᠨᠧᠰᠠᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠣ R1a ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠧᠦᠢ᠌ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠂ 12 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠤᠩᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠪᠠᠲ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠸᠢᠯᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ︵1172-1196᠂ ᠤᠩᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ III.Béla᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠪᠠᠲ ᠬᠡᠯᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ BelaIII︶ᠢ str ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ Z93 ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠨ ᠠᠵᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠬᠦᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠩᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ 1000 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠾᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ 5500 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠯᠠᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃
Z93 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠯᠳ᠋ᠨ
ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠦ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯ᠂ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠣ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ᠂ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠪᠤᠢ᠂ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠺᠦᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠨᠢ C2᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠨ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠢ M1 ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠣ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠮᠠᠨᠢ᠂ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠨᠢ R1a ᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠨᠡ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠢ᠂ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠤᠩᠰᠢᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠳ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ R1a1a1b ᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠮᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠ ᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠦᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠬᠡ ᠰᠢᠤ︕
ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ N9a2a* ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠳᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠫᠥᠨ ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠩᠭᠤᠰ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠲᠦᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠳᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠦᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠮᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠾᠨᠫᠯᠦᠢᠳ᠋ ᠵᠠᠭᠪᠤᠷ ᠴᠢᠨᠢ N9a2a* ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠯ ᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠃
ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠮᠲᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠶᠡ᠂ ᠪᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ《两千年前塞外乱葬坑隐藏的惊人秘密》ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠦ DA39 ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠠᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠮᠲᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠡᠨᠳ᠋ᠨ Gedmatch ᠰᠠᠢᠲ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ K12b ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠶᠡ᠃
ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠬᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠦᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ E11 ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠴᠬᠠᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠂ DA39 ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠢ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ᠄ = 0.709709 e11
ᠠᠹᠷᠢᠺᠠ᠄ 0.00%
ᠧᠦᠢ᠌ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠄ 1.15%
ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ᠄ 1.19%
ᠮᠠᠯᠠᠢ᠄ 0.00%
ᠲᠠᠢᠯᠠᠨᠳ᠋ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ᠄ 0.00%
ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ᠄ 17.13%
ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ᠄ 29.13%
ᠶᠠᠫᠥᠨ᠄ 10.92%
ᠤᠷᠴᠦᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ᠄ 23.28%
ᠶᠠᠺᠦᠲ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ᠄ 16.46%
ᠠᠮᠧᠷᠢᠺᠠ ᠲᠢᠪ᠄ 0.74%
ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠰᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠣ ᠰᠢᠪᠢᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠧᠦᠢ᠌ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠤᠷᠠ᠃ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠣ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠢᠲᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠤᠢᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠾᠨᠫᠯᠦᠢᠳ᠋ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠠᠯ᠂ DA39 ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠠ ᠴᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠧᠦᠢ᠌ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠧᠦᠢ᠌ᠷᠦᠫᠠ ᠳᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ︵和亲︶ ᠴᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠨᠦᠯᠦᠬᠡ ᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠡᠧᠦᠢᠷᠤᠫᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ DA39 ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠢᠳᠦ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠲᠤᠪᠤᠢᠮᠠ ᠬᠤᠢᠲᠤ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠬᠡ᠂ ᠾᠧ ᠵᠧ᠂ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠢᠳᠤ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠢᠷᠠᠳᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠦᠷᠦᠨᠡᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠮᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠳᠦᠷᠦᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠳᠦᠷᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
ᠡᠴᠢᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠷᠦᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠣ᠂ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠦᠷᠦᠨᠠᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠴᠢ - ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠬᠦᠷᠠᠰᠦᠳᠦᠢ᠌ᠷᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ14 ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ 2007 ᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠ ᠬᠤᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠬᠡ ᠂ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠢ ᠤᠨᠤᠪᠴᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠬᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ᠂ ᠪᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠᠬᠢ100 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠢᠰᠢᠬᠢ100 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠷᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠭᠡᠳ 30 ᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ 35-45 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ︵ᠠᠷᠬᠢᠯᠦᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ︶ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩᠨᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠬᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ48 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦᠦ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠤᠤᠷᠠᠬᠢ ᠮᠡᠲᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
狐鹿姑单于᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠᠬᠢ 96— ᠨᠡᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠᠬᠢ 85 ᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃
壶衍鞮单于᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠᠬᠢ 85— ᠨᠡᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠᠬᠢ 68 ᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃
呼韩邪单于᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠᠬᠢ 58— ᠨᠡᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠᠬᠢ 31 ᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃
复株累若鞮单于᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠᠬᠢ 31— ᠨᠡᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠᠬᠢ 20 ᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃
乌珠留若鞮单于᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠮᠤᠨᠠᠬᠢ 8—13 ᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃
呼都而尸道皋若鞮单于᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ 18 —46 ᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃
ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠴᠡᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠬᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠳᠠᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ᠂ ᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠣ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠶᠸ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠨᠳ᠋ᠨ 50 ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ 复株累若鞮 ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠣ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠳᠦᠬᠦᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ 乌珠留若鞮 ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠰᠠᠴᠤ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠥᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ 乌珠留若鞮 ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠤᠢ᠂ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠥᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠦ᠂ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠢ︽ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠠᠢ︾ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠨ ᠣ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠯ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠮ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠥᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠣ ᠨᠤᠲᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠦᠬᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠾᠦᠩᠨᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃
ᠡᠨᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠤᠯᠧᠺᠦᠢ᠌ᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠨᠲ᠋ᠤᠷᠫᠥᠯᠥᠬᠢ︵分子人类学︶ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠯᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠦ ᠪᠢᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠠᠩ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳ᠋ᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠣ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠠ ᠲᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃
ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠡᠨᠳ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠰᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠂ ᠤᠭ ᠦᠬᠦᠯᠡᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠨᠠ ᠦᠦ︖︵https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/37008921︶